Location and shoot

Most of the films are taken under controlled environment, such as the Sound Stage in a studio (Sound Stage); there must be some shootings that need to be taken outdoors, so they must be filmed outdoor.

When filming in the studio, the quality of the film would be greatly guaranteed. But when filming outside, we must consider many problems. For example, sound, when recording live sound there are a lot of noise and sudden sounds; light, natural light is very unstable and not easy to control; and the control of surrounding sceneries, vehicles, crowd; weather, sometimes the sudden changes in weather are difficult to forecast.

Several special shooting methods
1. Changing frame rates: when filming, the speed of the filmstrip is higher or lower than the normal rate of 24 frames per second to produce the screen effects of “slow-motion” and “fast action”. It is a common approach to shooting in present films.
2. Single frame filming: also known as sub-grid shooting. The documentary is filmed by “by-frame motor”, which drives the camera to shoot frame-by-frame to display the processes of blossom, cell division, and sunrise and so on.
3. Cinemicrography: shoot the images enlarged by optical microscope on the film by movie camera, which is widely used on the analysis and study of the microscopic world.
4. Aerial Shooting: film the scenes through shoot methods of films and televisions, etc. by aviation aircraft.
5. Underwater shooting: it is a shoot method in which camera and photographer dive underwater to film the movies.
6. Infrared shooting: in this method, infrared ray is used as light source and infrared film is used.

大部分的电影都是在可以控制的环境下拍摄，例如制片厂的摄影棚（Sound Stage）；也有必须在室外拍摄的部份，就必须出外景。
在摄影棚内拍摄，质量会得到很大的保证。但是拍摄外景时，我们就必须考虑很多问题。比如声音，在录制现场声音时会有很多噪音和突发声音；光线，自然光很不稳定所以很不好控制；周围景色，车辆、人流的控制；天气，有时天气的突然变化也是不可靠预测的。
几种特殊的摄影方法
1.变速摄影：在拍摄时使胶片的速度高于或低于正常每秒24格的速率。产生“慢动作”和“快动作”的画面效果，在现在的电影中是一种常用的摄影方法，
2.逐格摄影：也称为分格摄影。使用“逐格电动机”驱动摄影机一个画面一个画面地逐格拍摄。如要表现花开、细胞分裂、日出等。
3.显微摄影：将光学显微镜放大的影像用电影摄影机拍摄到胶片上。广泛用于微观世界的分析和研究。
4.航空摄影：用航空飞行器对景物进行电影、电视等的摄影方法。
5.水下摄影：将摄影机和人潜入水下进行拍摄的一种摄影法。
6.红外线摄影：用红外线为光源和用红外线胶片的摄影方法。